Identify A Plain Bellied Water Snake In 3 Easy Steps

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Post on Feb 10, 2025

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Identify a Plain-Bellied Water Snake in 3 Easy Steps

The Plain-bellied Water Snake (Nerodia erythrogaster) is a common but often misidentified snake found throughout much of the eastern and central United States. Knowing how to identify this non-venomous reptile can help you appreciate its role in the ecosystem and avoid unnecessary fear. This guide provides three easy steps to confidently identify a Plain-bellied Water Snake.

Step 1: Examine the Belly

The name says it all! The most distinctive feature of a Plain-bellied Water Snake is, unsurprisingly, its belly. Look closely at the ventral scales (belly scales). They are typically uniformly colored, ranging from pale yellow or cream to reddish-orange or even brownish-yellow. Crucially, they lack the distinct dark markings or blotches found on the bellies of many other water snakes. This plain coloration is the key to distinguishing it from its look-alikes.

Distinguishing the Belly: Key Differences

• Plain-bellied Water Snake: Uniform, unpatterned belly coloration.
• Other Water Snakes (e.g., Brown Water Snake): Often have patterned bellies with dark blotches or crossbands.

Step 2: Observe the Dorsal Pattern and Coloration

While the belly is the most definitive identifier, examining the dorsal (top) side provides additional confirmation. Plain-bellied Water Snakes usually exhibit a broad, dark brown or olive-brown back. They may have narrower, darker stripes running down their length, but these are often less prominent than in other water snake species. Some individuals can exhibit a more reddish or bronze hue. The overall dorsal pattern is generally unremarkable and relatively uniform, lacking the striking patterns seen in some other snakes.

Understanding Dorsal Variations

• Color: Ranges from dark brown or olive to reddish-bronze.
• Pattern: Typically uniform with subtle, narrow stripes; sometimes appearing almost plain.
• Size: Adults can reach impressive lengths, averaging 2 to 4 feet, with some reaching up to 5 feet.

Step 3: Consider the Habitat and Behavior

Plain-bellied Water Snakes are aquatic snakes, meaning they are almost always found near water. Look for them in marshes, swamps, ponds, lakes, rivers, and slow-moving streams. They are excellent swimmers and often bask on rocks, logs, or vegetation near the water's edge. When threatened, they may flatten their bodies, vibrate their tails, and release a foul-smelling musk. However, they are not venomous and pose no threat to humans.

Habitat and Behavior Clues:

• Location: Always found near water sources.
• Behavior: Excellent swimmers; often bask near the water's edge.
• Defensive Mechanisms: Flattening, tail vibration, and musk release.

Conclusion:

By carefully observing the belly, dorsal pattern, and habitat, you can confidently identify a Plain-bellied Water Snake. Remember, these snakes are an important part of the ecosystem, playing a vital role in controlling rodent populations. Learning to identify them will help you appreciate their presence and contribute to responsible wildlife observation. If you are still unsure, it is always best to err on the side of caution and admire the snake from a safe distance.